Hydraulic Cylinder was invented 4 century ago by Blaise Pascal (1623-1662), in the 17th century. Pascal was a French mathematician. He studied fluids, pressures and vacuums in the mid-1600s.  Nearly 100 years later, in 1738, Daniel Bernoulli put Pascal's fluid power discovery to use by pressurizing water in pumps and mills using Bernoulli's principle. In 1795, the first hydraulic press was patented by Joseph Bramah in England, a crucial impetus towards industrial revolution.

 

ABOUT HYDRAULIC CYLINDER

Hydraulic systems are the key technology behind many industrial machinery developments and inventions. The science principal of hydraulics is in such a way that when you apply pressure at one given point, energy will be transmitted to another point via an incompressible fluid, in this case is generally a hydraulic oil.  Hydraulic cylinder is a very valuable and inseparable part of modern civilization. From lifestyle tools to industrial equipment, from daily-life mechanical facilities to heavy engineering machinery, there are unlimited hydraulic cylinder applications that go beyond your imaginations.

 

HYDRAULIC CYLINDERS ARE USED IN WHAT INDUSTRY?

Hydraulic Cylinders are used in dozens of industries that we know of. Some examples are:

-Oil and Gas Petrochemical and Refineries

-Power Generation Plants

-Marine Vessels

-Automotive  

-Aerospace  

-Engineering Manufacturing Facility

-Landscaping

-Agriculture Equipment

-Construction  

-Entertainment Industry

-Personal Fitness Industry  

 

WHERE HYDRAULIC CYLINDERS USED

There are hundreds of thousands of physical applications. Here are some examples…

-Hydraulic presses, cranes, forges, and packing machines

-Agricultural machines, construction vehicles, trucks, tractors, bulldozers, lawnmowers, backhoes, dump trucks, skid loaders, and tree chipper

-Industrial and construction hammers, pullers, punches, clutches and brakes

-Marine equipment, cranes, aircraft control surfaces and landing gear, ships and large watercraft, offshore drilling and mining equipment, and various types of machinery

-Airport, seaport, transportation terminals, wharf infrastructure machinery, waterway barrage gates

-Hydroelectric power, other industrial power generation plants machinery and energy production applications

-Robotic arms, presses, lathes and many machine shops machinery

 

Hydraulic equipment operates with the help of a vast range of valves, pumps, filters and actuators.  

 

BASIC PRINCIPAL OF HYDRAULIC CYLINDER

Hydraulic cylinder is designed and constructed to operate under high pressure, high wear and tear harsh operating conditions. In certain applications, hydraulic cylinder suffered from corrosion. In design, material selection is crucial. Critical component surface finishing and fitting tolerances are in high precision. Basically, hydraulic cylinder is a mechanical actuator that is used to give a unidirectional force through a unidirectional stroke.  

 

Hydraulic cylinders generate power output from pressurized hydraulic fluid. The science principal of hydraulics is in such a way that when pressure is applied at one given point, energy will be transmitted to another point via an incompressible fluid, in this case is generally a hydraulic oil.  

 

A large part of hydraulic cylinder is the cylinder barrel, whereby a piston head connected to a piston rod moves back and forth. The barrel is closed on one end by the cylinder cap and the other end by the cylinder head or gland. The piston has sliding rings and seals. The piston divides the inside of the cylinder into two chambers, the bottom chamber and the piston rod side chamber.

SINGLE-ACTING VS. DOUBLE-ACTING

Single-acting Hydraulic Cylinder:

-Design is simpler

-More economical to build hydraulic fluid enters through a port at one end

-Rod extension via area differential

-By external force, internal retraction spring or gravity returns the piston

Double-acting Hydraulic Cylinders:

-There is a port at each end or side of the piston

-Supplied with hydraulic fluid for both retraction and extension  

 

MAIN COMPONENTS

These are key components of hydraulic cylinders:

-Cylinder base connection

-Cylinder barrel

-Cylinder base or cap

-Cylinder head

-Piston rod

-Seal gland

-Seals  

 

OTHER PARTS

There are many component parts that make up the internal portion of a hydraulic cylinder. All of these pieces combine to create a fully functioning component.  

-Cushions

-Internal Threaded Ductile Heads

-Head Glands

-Polypak Pistons

-Cylinder Head Caps

-Butt Plates

-Eye Brackets/Clevis Brackets

-MP Detachable Mounts

-Rod Eyes/Rod Clevis

-Pivot Pins

-Spherical Ball Bushings

-Spherical Rod Eye

-Alignment Coupler

-Ports and Fittings